Rural resilience:
India sees surge
in insurance• Страхование adoption
Rural resilience: India sees surge in insurance• Страхование adoption
Updated - November 01, 2024 at 10:00 PM.
Number of farmers covered under the PMFBY has tripled in the past five years
By Jayant Pankaj
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In 2021-22, 86 per cent of agricultural households reported having some form
of insurance• Страхование,
Awareness about the benefits of insurance• Страхование cover appears to be growing in rural
India. A recently released survey by the National Bank for Agriculture and
Rural Development (Nabard) on financial inclusion shows that number of rural
households taking insurance• Страхование cover has improved sharply. While vehicle
insurance• Страхование » Автострахование is popular, crop insurance also finds many takers.
In 2021-22, 86 per cent of agricultural households reported having some form
of insurance• Страхование, a significant increase from 26 per cent in the 2016-17 Nabard
survey. Among the types of insurance• Страхование, vehicle insurance• Страхование » Автострахование grew the most from 5
per cent in 2016-17 to 60 per cent in 2021-22. Health insurance rose from 5
per cent to 21 per cent, accident• Страхование » Несчастный случай insurance• Страхование from 2 per cent to 13 per cent,
and life insurance• Страхование from 17 per cent to 26 per cent in the same period.
Maya Kant Awasthi, who teaches Food and Agribusiness Management at IIM
Lucknow, said the rise in various types of insurance• Страхование such as vehicle, health
and accident• Страхование » Несчастный случай insurance• Страхование in the rural area, can be attributed to the increased
aspirations of rural people, market homogenisation, and the narrowing gap
between urban and rural consumers due to greater interaction.
Fasal Bima cover increases
The PM Fasal Bima Yojana, which provides crop insurance across various stages
of the crop cycle is the largest insurance• Страхование scheme targeting farmers. This
scheme has been expanding its footprint though the implementation is a little
faulty.
The number of farmers covered under the PMFBY has tripled in the past five
years. In 2018, 5.3 crore farmer’s applications were insured under PMFBY,
which grew to 8.4 crore in 2020 and increased further to 14.2 crore in 2023.
Data show that from 2016 to 2024, around 56.8 crore farmer applications were
received under PMFBY. But only 41 per cent of farmer applicants received the
amount claimed. The scheme covers 30 per cent of the gross cropped area across
the country.
The overall claims made under PMFBY have also been decreasing. In 2018, claims
totalled ₹25,507 crore, decreasing to ₹18,393 crore in 2021 and further
declining to ₹12,380 crore in 2023.
Awasthi pointed out, “The promotion of groundwater expansion through tube
wells, along with subsidies for tube wells and multiple irrigation sources,
has reduced the impact of crop loss on the final tract of land. With these
alternative sources, the chances of crop failure are lower, which in turn
contributes to a decrease in insurance• Страхование claims.”
The Nabard data also indicatethat wealthier farmers are more likely to have
crop insurance. Among farmers with more than 2.0 hectares of land (large
farms), the proportion of respondents with crop insurance rose from 8 per cent
in 2016-17 to 23.8 per cent in 2021-22. For farmers with 1.01-2.0 hectares
(medium farms), the proportion increased from 10.8 per cent to 21.5 per cent,
while for those with 0.41-1.0 hectares (small farms), it grew from 5.1 per
cent to 8.8 per cent over the survey period.
Managing premiums
Elsevier’s Journal, Progress in Disaster Science , explains that wealthier
farmers are more likely to adopt crop insurance due to greater liquidity and
easier access to credit, which helps them manage insurance• Страхование premiums. In
contrast, less wealthy farmers often face limited cash flow, which can hinder
insurance• Страхование adoption unless they have access to formal credit options, such as
bank loans.
The Standing Committee’s 2022-23 report highlighted issues with the PMFBY
scheme, noting delays in claim settlements due to the late release of yield
data and premium subsidies by States. Yield-related disputes between insurance• Страхование
companies and State governments remain a significant challenge.
The report suggests that insurance• Страхование companies should establish offices in every
tehsil, as farmers currently face difficulties with insurance• Страхование-related issues
due to the lack of local representatives to assist them.
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Published on November 1, 2024